Certified Diabetes Educator Practice Exam

The "Dawn Phenomenon" refers to a natural increase in blood glucose levels that occurs in the early morning hours, typically between 2 a.m. and 8 a.m. This phenomenon is primarily caused by the liver releasing glucose into the bloodstream in response to hormonal changes that happen overnight, particularly the secretion of hormones such as cortisol and glucagon. As a result, individuals with diabetes may experience higher blood glucose levels upon waking, which can complicate their glucose management.

The increase in glucose is not due to insulin resistance or improved insulin sensitivity; rather, it is the body's attempt to prepare for the day ahead by ensuring that there is sufficient glucose available for energy. Thus, the correct answer highlights the role of the liver in releasing excessive glucose during these early hours, leading to elevated blood sugar levels experienced by individuals, especially those with diabetes. Understanding the Dawn Phenomenon is crucial for effective diabetes management as it can inform dosing of insulin or other medications in the early morning timeframe.